飯後吃它，大量排出體內致癌物質 ，可惜沒幾個人知道！

這個神奇的東西是什麼呢？ 對！就是...

研究人員發現，飯後吃個梨或喝杯熱梨汁，積存在人體內的致癌物質可以大量排出。調查結果顯示，吸煙或者吃烤肉等在體內聚集的強致癌物質多環芳香烴，在吃梨後會顯著降低，特別是喝了加熱過的梨汁。專家建議，在人們熱衷於吃煎烤食品、快餐類食品的今天，飯後吃個梨不失為壹種值得推薦的健康生活方式。

梨子自古被推尊為“百果之宗”。味甘微酸、性寒、無毒。可以止咳、潤肺涼心、消炎降火、解痰毒酒毒之功效。梨子含有充足水分、及壹些葡萄糖、蔗糖和維生素A、B、C、D、E並能提供纖維素和鈣、磷、鐵、碘、鉀等微量元素。還有壹定量的蛋白質、脂肪、胡蘿蔔素、維生素B1、B2和蘋果酸等。能維持身體細胞的健康狀態，幫助器官排毒、凈化機體，軟化血管，促進血液循環把血中的鈣質運送至骨骼，增強骨鈣質。但是吃梨子必須細嚼慢咽才能更好的被消化道吸收和利用，起到應有的效果。

飯後吃梨有益健康

研究人員對吸煙者進行了試驗，讓他們在4天內連續每天吃750克梨，並測定吃梨前後尿液中多環芳香烴的代謝產物1-羥基芘含量。結果發現，吸煙6小時後吃梨，人體血液內1-羥基芘會經尿液大量排出;如果不吃梨，1-羥基芘排出很少。而加熱的梨汁含有大量的抗癌物質多酚，給註射過致癌物質的小白鼠喝這樣的梨汁，白鼠尿液中就能排出大量的1-羥基芘毒素，從而有效預防癌癥。

另外，梨雖然很甜，但其熱量和脂肪含量很低，中老年人多吃些梨，可以幫助人體凈化器官，軟化血管。吃梨還對厭食、消化不良、腸炎、慢性咽炎等疾病有壹定的輔助療效。不過，專家提醒，梨雖然是佳果，也不宜多食，風寒咳嗽、脘腹冷痛、脾虛便塘者以及產婦都要慎食。梨還有利尿作用，夜尿頻者睡前要少吃梨。梨含果酸多，胃酸較多的人，也不可多食。


雖然司空見慣，但妳未必知道喝梨汁的9大好處：

第壹、潤肺清燥、止咳化痰、養血生肌
梨汁味甘酸而平，有潤肺清燥、止咳化痰、養血生肌的作用，因此對喉幹燥、癢、痛、音啞、痰稠等均有良效。

第二、促進胃腸蠕動
梨汁富含膳食纖維，是最好的腸胃“清潔工”。飯館裏的飯菜大都以“味”取勝，食物多油膩或辛辣，吃後容易誘發便秘。而飯後喝杯梨汁，能促進胃腸蠕動，使積存在體內的有害物質大量排出，避免便秘。

第三、保護肝臟、適合飲酒的人
梨含有較多糖類和多種維生素，對肝臟有壹定的保護作用，特別適合飲酒人士。

第四、低血壓、養陰清熱
梨具有降低血壓、養陰清熱的功效，患高血壓、心臟病、肝炎、肝硬化的病人，經常喝些梨汁大有益處。

第五、有助腎臟排泄
梨有助於腎臟排泄尿酸和預防痛風、風濕病和關節炎。

第六、促進食欲，助消化
梨能促進食欲，幫助消化，並有利尿通便和解熱作用，可用於高熱時補充水分和營養。

第七、養陰潤燥消風
梨具有潤燥消風的功效，在氣候幹燥時，人們常感到皮膚瘙癢、口鼻幹燥，有時幹咳少痰，每天喝壹兩杯梨汁可緩解幹燥。

第八、緩解咽喉刺激
吸煙的人喝梨汁，可以減輕香煙中有害物質對咽喉、呼吸道的刺激。

第九、補充水分 適合老人
梨汁含有80%以上的水分，經常忘了喝水的老年人，喝梨汁可達到補充水分的目的。

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The Ebola outbreak

source: http://edition.cnn.com/2014/08/01/health/ebola-outbreak-questions/

(CNN) -- Fear over Ebola is growing as international leaders and health organizations struggle to try to stop the deadly epidemic in West Africa.

The Ebola outbreak "is moving faster than our efforts to control it," Margaret Chan, director-general of the World Health Organization, said in a statement Friday. "This is an unprecedented outbreak accompanied by unprecedented challenges. And these challenges are extraordinary."

This is the first Ebola outbreak in West Africa and involves the most deadly strain in the Ebola virus family, Chan said.

"If the situation continues to deteriorate, the consequences can be catastrophic in terms of lost lives but also severe socioeconomic disruption and a high risk of spread to other countries."

One of those countries could be the United States, health officials have said. In fact, the U.S. Department of State announced Friday that it is working with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to bring home two U.S. citizens who have been infected by Ebola in Liberia.

Here's what you need to know about the Ebola outbreak today:

How many people have died?

As of Sunday, the World Health Organization had confirmed 909 cases and 485 deaths in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia and Nigeria. It suspects that there may have been up to 1,323 cases and 729 deaths.

"The outbreak is by far the largest ever in the nearly four-decade history of this disease," Chan said. "It is the largest in terms of numbers of cases and deaths. ... It is the largest in terms of geographical areas already affected and others at immediate risk of further spread."

CDC Director Tom Frieden said Thursday that it could take three to six months to stop the epidemic.

Why is it spreading so quickly?

First of all, there's no vaccine for Ebola. So health officials have to stop the infection by isolating patients to prevent further transmission.

Past outbreaks have primarily occurred in rural areas, where people were not frequently traveling and infecting others. This outbreak has made it to several of the region's major cities, including Freetown, Sierra Leone; Monrovia, Liberia; and Conakry, Guinea.

These cities have international airports, which opens up the possibility of infected patients traveling abroad. For example, American Patrick Sawyer became infected with Ebola in Liberia and traveled via plane to Lagos, Nigeria, where he died. Health officials are still tracing all the people he came in contact with along the way.

The outbreak is "taking place in areas with fluid population movements over porous borders, and it has demonstrated its ability to spread via air travel, contrary to what has been seen in past outbreaks," Chan said.

"Cases are occurring in rural areas which are difficult to access, but also in densely populated capital cities."

NIH: Ebola vaccine to be tested in human trials soon

Is Ebola is coming to the U.S.?

On Thursday, a medical charter plane outfitted with an isolation pod left Cartersville, Georgia, about 5 p.m. The aircraft was scheduled to fly to Monrovia, Liberia, and will return with either Dr. Kent Brantly or Nancy Writebol, who were infected with Ebola while working for the aid group Samaritan's Purse in Liberia last week.

The two patients will be evacuated in separate trips, according to Samaritan's Purse spokesman Todd Shearer. It is unclear who will be transported first but both evacuations "should be completed by early next week."

Samaritan's Purse has described Brantly and Writebol as being in grave but stable condition.

Several aid organizations, including the Peace Corps, are asking volunteers and nonessential personnel to leave the region. The evacuation of these staff members has begun, Samaritan's Purse said.

Who approved that?

The decision was ultimately that of Samaritan's Purse, Frieden told CNN's Dr. Sanjay Gupta. The organization worked with the CDC to arrange the evacuation.

"Our role at CDC is to make sure in the transportation and in the care, any risk of infection to others is kept to the absolute minimum," Frieden said. "I know it creates a fear in people, but I really hope that people's fear won't outweigh their compassion."

Is the CDC ready to handle Ebola?

Trust in the CDC has waned in recent months, after multiple lapses in proper lab procedure put workers -- and potentially the public -- at risk. Investigators found that scientists had transported dangerous biological materials in Ziploc bags and once sent a live sample of bird flu to a low-security lab ill-equipped to handle the virus.

The investigation began in June, when workers based at the agency's headquarters in Atlanta were potentially exposed to anthrax after a lab failed to deactivate it. Congress grilled Frieden on July 16 over these and other incidents, saying they were "completely unacceptable."

"The CDC is supposed to be the gold standard" for lab safety, Rep. Tim Murphy, R-Pennsylvania, said at the hearing. "This is not sound science, and this will not be tolerated."

Which prompts the question: If the CDC wasn't handling dangerous biological materials properly in a lab, is it ready to handle America's first Ebola patient?

Frieden said that in the past, five people have arrived in the United States with other types of hemorrhagic fever; in all five cases, the patients were treated in hospitals, and no secondary infections occurred. And Medecins sans Frontieres has treated infectious disease abroad for decades without a death, he said.

"The stakes are higher with Ebola, but the risk is no higher. It's a virus easily deactivated with standard cleaning in hospitals."

Experts: U.S. health care system well-prepared for Ebola

When will the infected Americans be evacuated?

Soon. The State Department said the two citizens would be evacuated in the "coming days."

When it arrives, the plane will land at Dobbins Air Reserve Base in Georgia, about 20 miles from the CDC's Atlanta headquarters, a Pentagon spokesman said.

Then where will the patients go?

The patients will be brought to Emory University, which is near CDC's headquarters, hospital officials told Gupta. They will likely be transported in an Emory ambulance or medical helicopter from the airport.

Emory University Hospital has a specially built isolation unit that is designed to treat patients exposed to infectious diseases like Ebola, the hospital said in a statement Thursday. It is one of only four units in the United States.

"Emory University Hospital physicians, nurses and staff are highly trained in the specific and unique protocols and procedures necessary to treat and care for this type of patient," the statement said. "These procedures are practiced on a regular basis throughout the year so we are fully prepared for this type of situation."

What treatment will they receive?

There is no specific treatment for Ebola. Doctors can administer only "supportive therapy," which means supporting the patient's own immune system as it tries to battle the infection. This usually involves intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration and shock. This therapy for Ebola patients could also include blood or platelet transfusions and oxygen therapy.

Ebola can last two to three weeks, so patients would remain in isolation until their symptoms subside and tests come back negative for the virus.

Should I be worried?

When the infected aid workers return, it will be the first time someone infected with Ebola is known to have crossed into the United States. That realization has prompted fear among some on social media.

But U.S. health experts don't seem concerned about it spreading for two reasons:

One, Ebola is aggressively infectious, which means that those infected are highly likely to get sick. But it's not very contagious, meaning it doesn't spread easily. It's transmitted only through bodily fluids while the infected patient is exhibiting symptoms.

And two, experts say our health care system would be able to identify and contain the virus swiftly.

Frieden said other aid workers returning to the United States will have their temperature taken every day for 21 days -- the longest period known for Ebola symptoms to appear after infection -- to ensure that they don't have the virus.

Have other aid workers been affected?

Yes. A well-known doctor fighting Ebola in Sierra Leone died this week after contracting the virus.

"To date, more than 60 health care workers have lost their lives in helping others. Some international staff are infected," Chan said. "These tragic infections and deaths significantly erode response capacity."

Read more:

The Ebola outbreak's real cause: Letting industry drive the research agenda

http://www.vox.com/2014/8/4/5963751/the-real-cause-of-the-ebola-outbreak-its-not-what-you-think

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